What are the primary categories of image detectors used for digital fluoroscopy?

In digital fluoroscopy, image detectors play a crucial role in converting the incoming X-ray photons into visible images that can be analyzed and recorded. The primary categories of image detectors used for this purpose are indeed direct conversion and indirect conversion.

Direct conversion detectors utilize materials that directly convert X-ray energy into an electrical signal without the need for any intermediate steps. These detectors typically employ a photoconductive material, such as selenium, which directly transforms X-ray photons into electrons. This method allows for high sensitivity and resolution in capturing images.

On the other hand, indirect conversion detectors involve a two-step process. In this system, X-ray photons first interact with a scintillator material, which converts the X-rays into visible light. This light is then detected by a photoelectric sensor (such as CCD or CMOS), which subsequently converts the light into an electrical signal. Indirect conversion techniques can amplify the signal, improving image quality and detail, although they may not achieve the same level of performance as direct conversion in every aspect.

By categorizing both direct and indirect conversion techniques together, one acknowledges the complete spectrum of image detection technologies utilized in digital fluoroscopy. Therefore, selecting the option that encompasses both categories recognizes the essential roles they each play in effective image acquisition.